Author Archives: bkanderson

Digital Reflection – Google

Google represents the transition into the age of the internet and is an extraordinarily powerful corporate entity. Coming in to UMass as a transfer student, I had no idea that UMass had just recently switched from another email service; I assumed Gmail was the standard email used by most academic institutions. This belief stemmed from my high school and previous college experiences. At my previous college, much like UMass, we were assigned a school email which was powered by Google Apps. My high school also used Gmail as the foundation for our school email system. Although Google and their platforms make it easy to connect, I feel like there are significant drawbacks to using their services that often go overlooked.

Prior to taking English 302, I had never seriously considered the consequences of using Google and their services. Now that I consider them, however, I wonder if they actually outweigh the benefits. Sure, it is very convenient to be able to easily connect with your peers and work on group projects with google docs, or share information quickly with google chat, and even store lots of data on the drive and in your personal Gmail account. However, the fact that Google has access to all of that information is somewhat unnerving. Although Google claims that it won’t use the data it gathers to benefit the company, how safe one feels depends on how much they trust corporations to self-regulate and ensure that they act in ethical ways.

The article we read about Google having the ability to tell users if they possibly might have cancer sparked an interesting discussion about the reach companies should have in the personal lives of users. Personally, I believe that it would be great to have the technology available to suggest to a user that they might have cancer; it may save lives as early screening is extraordinarily helpful in the treatment of cancer. However, if Google were to implement such a technology, I feel like it would be unethical for it to be mandatory. Users should be able to opt in or out of such a service at any time in the settings, and the default should be “off” or “do not alert”. This is because taking care of one’s health is a very personal issue and people should have the option to seek medical attention or be informed if they so choose. Forcing people to do anything seems like, although it may save lives, it could potentially lead to disaster as more and more of people’s personal lives become enveloped by the Google machine. I’m all for people having options, but companies like Google should make it clear to users what the possible consequences are for using their services and not bury these consequences under mountains of fine print and terms and conditions. Furthermore, users should always be able to opt out of potentially invasive technology if they so desire.

Digital Reflection – Amazon, UMass and Neoliberalism

I transferred to UMass from Washington State University two years ago, at the start of my sophomore year. Back then, we still had the textbook annex and I was very comfortable and familiar with that system. As an English major, many of my professors insisted that we take our business to Amherst Books and support them instead, so instead of buying all of my books at the annex I would buy what books were available at Amherst Books and buy the rest at the Annex. At the end of my first semester, I sold my books back to the annex for a reasonable amount of money and thought nothing of it.

The next semester, however, Amazon arrived and replaced the textbook annex. The annex had still been there at the start of the semester, however, at the end Amazon was the one in charge of buying back textbooks. As an English major, a large portion of the books I read for class are novels and small paperbacks, and Amazon typically does not buy these books back, even though they are part of the course curriculum. This was only the start of my dislike of Amazon as the replacement for the textbook annex.

Amazon takes neoliberalism to a whole different level; by becoming the sole on campus textbook provider, it subtly requires students to pay for amazon prime, which is an additional $50 a year to receive the free one day shipping to the amazon pickup center. Without prime, customers can still get their packages delivered to the center but it will not be one day free shipping. As Nat said in the interview, Amazon is using their monopoly on the textbook industry to create new Amazon customers. Not only does Amazon reach its hands into the pockets of students through their reliance on the company for textbooks, by forcing them to buy prime it incentivizes students to shop through Amazon instead of other local stores for other products. Why walk all the way into town to buy books and other school supplies when you can get it all delivered to the center of campus by using your newly purchased Prime membership?

Overall, the transition to Amazon has been a pretty negative experience for me. However, taking this course and getting to explore exactly how Amazon affects the community has been a great learning experience. I know a lot of prominent public figures, such as Obama, support Amazon as a company, seeing it as a success. That is true; as a company in a neoliberal, capitalist society, Amazon is a wildly successful company that has become the number one retailer in the country, replacing Wal-mart. In some ways Amazon has the potential to be much worse than Wal-mart, as they are not limited to dominating the physical market. Amazon is taking a stab at the digital market as well, offering music and video/movie streaming services that are available with a prime membership.

Digital Reflection – Twitch

I probably started watching streams on twitch a few years ago when I transitioned from playing Runescape to World of Warcraft and Hearthstone. Although at first I only followed a few streamers who I found through YouTube, Twitch eventually grew on me as a platform and I now find myself tuning into Twitch streams when I multitask; instead of listening to music while I do homework or cook dinner I’ll have a stream playing in the background and occasionally look at the gameplay or interact with chat. I’ve met a lot of online friends in the gaming community through Twitch and I really value it as a platform for allowing members of the community to interact with one another. However, as I spend more time interacting with Twitch, I have slowly started to realize how toxic the community can be. On a small scale, when the streamer is small and pulling in less than 50 viewers, the chat tends to be very nice and, if there is trolling, it is usually light-hearted and is kept in check by the streamer and his mods who can easily keep up with the slow-paced chat. However, in the chatrooms of major streamers, racism and misogyny are everywhere, with many users spamming (usually) mild racist or sexist jokes in chat. I remember watching a vod of Reynad testing out text-to-speech on his channel for the first time, where viewers can donate a minimum of three dollars to have their message read aloud for the whole stream to hear; without the proper filters set up, the level of racism in the messages was obscene.

I didn’t really know too much about gamergate when it was new and relevant, only that it pertained to women in gaming and the prejudices they faced while trying to be part of the gaming community. I have noticed, over my years of gaming and Twitch consumption, that there is a void of women in the gaming community, and most of the only women who are successful on Twitch are very attractive. It’s really unfortunate that it seems like a requirement set for women in the gaming and esports communities is that they must be attractive and appeal to the predominantly male audience. I have made several friends on Twitch over the years who are women and occasionally they will experience more terrifying forms of harassment than online trolling; a couple of them have experienced cyber-stalking, with people going as far as finding their home addresses and personal phone numbers, calling them and breathing heavily into the mouthpiece. Thankfully, they both told me that they resolved their issues safely, but it is terrible that they had to experience something like that simply because they are female gamers.

Not only do women experience hardship when interacting with the Twitch/gaming community, but people of color who are not Asian do as well. Looking at the ESports teams that I know, I do not know of a single one who is neither white nor Asian. I keep fairly up to date with competitive hearthstone, and I don’t think there was a single non-white, non-Asian professional hearthstone player present at the Blizzcon world championships last year. Furthermore, when I look at the over 100 channels that I follow on twitch, I can only find one person who is a non-white, non-asian streamer and he is a Latino man. Much like how the gaming community excludes women, it appears that it has a tendency to exclude minorities who are not Asian.

Key Terms – The Academy

Neoliberalism: “a more virulent and brutal form of market capitalism”, where “the market should be the organizing principle for all political, social, and economic decisions” and “everything either is for sale or is plundered for profit”. “The environment is polluted and despoiled in the name of profit-making” and “public services are gutted in order to lower the taxes of major corporations”.

Militarization: A key component of neoliberalism which is “An intensification of the labor and resources allocated to military purposes, including the shaping of other institutions in synchrony with military goals”. Militirization can also be “a shift in general societal beliefs and values in ways necessary to legitimate the use of force, the organization of large standing armies and their leaders, and the higher taxes or tribute used to pay for them”, or “a powerful cultural politics that works its way through everyday life spawning particular notions of masculinity, sanctioning war as a spectacle, and fear as a central formative component in mobilizing an affective investment in militarization”.

Legacy Preference: As public funding dwindles due to privatization, some schools adopt a legacy preference where they give preference to applicants of wealthy alumni in hopes that their parents will contribute to the school. A spin-off emerged in the 1970’s called the “development admit” where schools would give preference to the children of wealthy parents who did not attend the school in hopes of establishing a lasting relationship with the parents. These practices damaged the careers of “brilliant but ‘unhooked’ applicants”.

Mobilize: A key component of any movement is mobilization. Mobilization is defined as “make (something) movable or capable of movement.” Mobilization is necessary to transfer key ideas and ideology into actual reportable outcomes.

Citron Key Term & Problem/Solution – The Academy

Key term: Cyber Mobs
“Mobs from dominant groups are notorious for shaming relatively powerless groups, in taking delight in the discomfort of the excluded and stigmatized. Cyber mobs gather online to harass individuals in degrading and threatening ways”, where “posters compete to be the most of ensive, the most abusive”. (Citron, 5). This mob mentality can push cyber harassment and stalking to even higher levels, as members of the cyber mob constantly compete to one-up their peers and abuse the victim more than the last person.

Problem/Solution:

As the internet expands and constantly becomes more  integrated with society and can lead to real-world problems, how can one distinguish legitimate articles found on the internet from ones made by trolls or by other malicious people on the internet?  That is, how can, for example, an employer, when researching about a new possible hire, differentiate legitimate articles pertaining to the candidate from untrue ones? This can also hold true for the opposite: suppose a person fabricates false credentials and simply puts them online to look more favorable. How can one find what is true?

Solution(?): Are there companies employers can hire to dig through the files on the information and find relevant ones? Are there computer programs that can do that and somehow verify what sources are legitimate? If one wants to hide the many false websites in a google search pertaining to them, is there a program/service that can generate thousands of irrelevant articles that come up and effectively bury the negative ones deep within the web? Would this option make google/search engines somewhat useless as people could simply hide whatever they didn’t want found? Would people be able to use such programs to generate a plethora of false information about a person, ultimately increasing the potency of online defamation/harassment?

Blog Response – Computational Platforms

Platforms have played a significant role in my life since my childhood, especially since I first began to go on the internet as a child using a dial-up connection. I remember the first gaming “computational” platform I ever used: the original Game Boy. It was my dad’s old Game Boy and the only game we had for it was the original Pokemon Blue, and, being the 5 year old child I was, I did not know how to save the game so every time I played I would try to beat the whole game in one go. Silly childhood me. I soon moved online with my gaming and sometime, probably about third through fifth grade, found myself playing a game on the computer called Runescape. This transition from one platform to another was motivated primarily by my friends who also were playing Runescape. Playing games on the computer was not the exclusive  console of my elementary school days; I also quite fondly remember being quite excited to sleep over at friends houses because we would stay up all night playing Super Smash Bros on their N64 or Halo on their Xbox. Having a console when I was a young child other than a Game Boy Color was not a luxury I had as my mother was fairly against gaming in general and wanted me to focus more on my studies.

However, for Christmas one year, my brother and I received a Game Cube right when it came out. I remember this gaming platform quite fondly; it was a great experience playing Mario Kart: Double Dash and Super Smash Bros Melee with my brother and my friends. Since the Game Cube, however, I have transitioned mostly back into computer gaming and almost exclusively play on the PC. I’m not really sure what marked this transition and dedication to the PC platform. It most likely has something to do with the fact that my parents were willing to spend more money on a decent PC than throw a few hundred dollars at a brand new Gaming Console such as a Play Station or an Xbox.

In terms of other computational platforms, for social media I use almost exclusively Facebook, which I do not use very much at all. I never had a MySpace and before Facebook I primarily communicated with my friends through Gmail chat. I never really liked twitter very much and sharing pictures is not really my thing, so the Instagram platform does not really appeal to me. I do, however, enjoy watching streams on twitch and videos on YouTube.

The Academy – Key Term

Copyright Infringement

Due to new and more widely available video production and editing technologies that are now in the hands of consumers, people can now more easily make content to post on the internet. However, It is sometimes hard for new content creators to begin a career on large platforms such as YouTube because of these companies’ severe copyright infringement policies. Despite the increased number of people with access to such programs, “grassroots producers who wish to participate in the culture of streaming depend on commercial social media sites for distribution” and can often find their content being removed due to YouTube and corporations citing copyright claims (Russo, 125). In many of these instances, the content would be protected under copyright law because such content would be classified as parodies or satire, but “YouTube and similar ventures face greater risks for hosting illegal content than for refusing to host content that is legal” (Russo, 125). This means that instead of taking the time to investigate and process all of the new content being uploaded to YouTube, YouTube instead “every incentive to reduce these risks by complying with the industry’s demands” and implement “automated filtering to flag potential copyright infringement” (Russo, 126). These policies are not good for content creators, as “such strategies make the derivative artworks hosted there vulnerable” to being removed for “vague violations of terms of service” (Russo, 126).

All is not lost for content creators, however, as “in opposition, policy initiatives in support of fair use, including the Center for Social MediaBs TCode of Best Practices in Fair Use for Online Video,X1 are making crucial interventions to protect the possibilities for queering both media form and media content. The compromises and constraints that structure the relationship between the media industry and fans are thus undergoing continual negotiation” (Russo, 126).

[youtube]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oXf14eX_9Fg[/youtube]

Blake Anderson – What YouTube Means to Me

YouTube is a website I use for many purposes, from research to pleasure. I have used YouTube for about as long as I have had a computer and an internet connection. I often use YouTube to find scenes from movies that I enjoy. One example of a scene that I enjoy that I included in my playlist is “Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind – Come Back and Make Up a Goodbye Scene” from the movie Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind. I also use YouTube to view trailers for upcoming movies that I am excited about. Other ways that enjoy film through YouTube is by watching short films that are posted on YouTube, such as “Validation”.

Another way I use YouTube is to listen to music and watch music videos. I typically like animated music videos and one of my favorite animated music videos is “Do the Evolution” by Pearl Jam. Another form of animation that I enjoy on YouTube is Anime. I especially like watching parts of episodes that I enjoyed or listening to old theme songs. Most of what I do on YouTube is related to music in some way; not only do I like watching music videos and listening to music, I also like finding covers (especially acoustic ones) of songs I like, such as “The Killers – Miss Atomic Bomb” covered by the the Moon Loungers. I also like watching lists of facts and polls on YouTube, especially ones related to music. One of my most viewed channels is WatchMojo and I watch a lot of their top 10 videos, from the top 10 super heroes to the top 10 pop punk bands.

YouTube lets people upload content from twitch and I like listening to other people comment and analyze things that I like, such as video games and TV shows, so I can get their perspective. One example of this is “The Philosophy of Rick and Morty – Wisecrack Edition” where the creator goes into depth of the different philosophical components of the show “Rick and Morty”. I also like watching tutorial and highlight videos of people from twitch; I have made a lot of friends online by interacting with people through twitch. I don’t like looking through past broadcasts and highlights on twitch, especially on the mobile app, so it is very helpful to be able to view the content on YouTube. Not only do I like gaming guides, I also use YouTube to learn how to cook various things. One YouTuber I watch to learn how to cook things is Byron Talbott and I have used his recipes and tutorial videos to cook a variety of dishes for myself and my family.

Like most people on the Internet, I enjoy watching videos of cute and cool animals. One video that I enjoy is the video of the “Cutest snake in the world”. I originally found that video when I watched a documentary by Vice. Vice interviews are another thing that I enjoy on YouTube. I used to stay up late into the night watching political or interesting news stories such as “3D Printed Guns – Documentary”. Other than Vice, I also enjoy watching other content that is related to politics. Sometimes these videos can be promoting an idea or a political movement, such as the notion that Lego should end its partnership with big oil in “LEGO: Everything is NOT awesome”, or the comedic performances of George Carlin that question various political ideas such as abortion, religion and racism.

Another way that I use YouTube is to view viral videos and parodies. These viral videos can range from classics like “leave britney alone” to worldstar videos to the video of the sax battle on a NYC subway. One parody that I am very fond of is “Crocodile Chop”, which is a mashup of the songs “Crocodile Rock”, by Elton John, and “Chop Suey”, by System of a Down.

Overall, most of what I use YouTube for is related to music, film, and video games. However, YouTube means a lot more to me than simply a platform to provide myself with entertainment. YouTube also lets me learn new skills, learn about philosophy and politics and also engage with many other people from around the world.

[youtube]https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLmLycJ2q9SOgtOkG64t0Ihl-EV2j7x8UO[/youtube]