Category Archives: Uncategorized

Emphasis of “You”

The Emphasis of “You” is a marketing technique employed by many major marketing programs. It is a focus placed upon the individual and how the individual interacts with technology and is empowered by it.

Websites such as a Google and Amazon focus their marketing and public image around personalization and catering to individual users. However, this apparent emphasis on “you” is a smokescreen to how these technologies pry into our privacy, collect data, and piggyback on our own contributions to the internet. This Emphasis of “You” exploits the human urge to create, connect, and build identities, and companies like Google use this quietly and subversively to harvest data and information from the individual.

The Emphasis of “You” distracts from the greater picture of what is happening because of Googlization, which is Google capitalizing on the sum total of our internet contributions. As a result, the “you” becomes a product of Google, all under the guise of self-determination.

Discussion Questions 2/11

1. Where should the line be drawn as far as sacrificing privacy for customization and ease of access?

2. What do you think about Google’s choice regarding the service it offers in China? Should it allow itself to be subject to censoring? Where and to what degree should internet companies interact with government agencies?

Mesmerizing Memes

A meme, as defined by Kelli S. Burns in Celeb 2.0: How Social Media Foster Our Fascination with Popular Culture, is “a unit of cultural information that replicates while still remaining whole.” When someone speaks about memes I never consider this definition. Instead, I immediately assume that they are referring to the memes that I see show up on social media. These are usually recent socially and culturally relevant pictures with text added to them. Many times the pictures used are used multiple times with various textual pairings. Memes have taken the Internet by storm and who can even remember when this began?

Meme generators are now readily available to anyone who believes they have an idea for a meme that the masses will relate to. I have personally never created my own meme. I have never even shared one on social media, actually. Despite these facts, I still see dozens in my newsfeed each week and feel the need to stay up-to-date with the latest and the greatest. Obviously, there were many memes created and shared following the Super Bowl this past week. Many used the same picture again and again with a different text overlay. I only watched the last ten minutes or so of the game but I have still understood nearly every meme that has popped up on my screen. I believe this is the appeal; Internet memes make us feel like we are all a part of the same inside joke. Unfortunately, these “jokes” are fast to fade and disappear from Facebook, Twitter, etc.

Memes are a reflection of culture in the moment, a snapshot of society as it exists only temporarily. The life of a meme is so short that there are probably full trends that I have missed; trends that will never surface again as they are now irrelevant. The meme shown below has been popular for about the past week. While the Super Bowl is still fresh on everyone’s mind, it will soon fade with commentary on the next large event. This could be anything from an interview on the news to an actor’s speech at an award show. As Burns articulates, “explaining why some content becomes an Internet meme while other content does not is complicated, if not impossible.” The only difference between memes that go viral and memes that get buried is user opinion. Reaction cannot really be gauged before a meme is actually generated and shared.

I really enjoy Internet memes. To me, they are a fun yet mindless way to keep up with current events. If I see a meme and do not understand the reference, a quick search answers my question and puts me back in the know. Due to the variety of this type of meme, I believe that they will be around for quite a while. There will always be a new hot topic that can be made into memes and shared numerous times before it fades. When Internet memes do finally, inevitably lose relevance, their replacement is likely to have a seamless transition. Like most trends on the Web, we will likely not be able to pinpoint exactly when memes fall from their throne of popularity. Everyone will already be sucked into the next trend too much to care.

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A Tale of Two Internets

To be honest, I never really considered the social significance of memes before this week—they always just seemed like inside jokes on the internet to me. As a regular user of Reddit, I have often felt bombarded and sometimes overwhelmed by these humorous images. However, after reading some very in-depth analysis in Mashups and Memes and Crisis Memes, I now understand that my relation with these images is socially significant in itself.

Internet jokes might seem commonplace in the year 2015, but they’re actually a pretty revolutionary concept. People from the farthest corners of the world are united by their mutual appreciation of “Success Kid” and their distaste for “Scumbag Steve”. The most interesting part of this phenomenon is the manner in which they come into style—some memes surge in popularity only to be forgotten in a matter of weeks, whereas others are seemingly timeless. However, regardless of a meme’s actual content, they all share a common role as cultural signifiers. This is not because everyone can relate to the goofiness of Keanu Reeves—it’s because people can relate to the situation described in the text, and they can appreciate how Keanu’s image conveys the sensation of this experience. For this reason, memes transcend the boundaries of language and culture. They can tell a story with as few as six words and an image; and then these simple graphics can incite thousands of comments and conversations on internet forums.

With all of this being said, I am still hesitant to dive too deep into the analysis of memes. There is certainly meaning to be found in everything, but that doesn’t mean we should dissect knock-knock jokes and every other form of humor. I believe that memes were simply born as entertainment during the rise of the digital age—they were never intended “as a public voice that sidesteps the constraints of traditional media and as an illustration of freedom of expression” (Rintel 1). In fact, I believe that Rintel’s definition of memes is better suited to the limitless landscape of the internet in general. If someone is a savvy enough Twitter user, they can essential become a self-employed news reporter, capable to reaching hundreds of thousands of followers. However, I believe most creators of memes only do so with the goal of sharing a laugh or telling a personal experience. Memes embody the playful and casual face of the internet—they are pretty much  a standardized, albeit diverse method of storytelling. We are at a point in human history where we are digitizing everything in our daily lives. However, in less than a decade, Facebook went from the “e-Wild West” where people documented their lifestyles, to a Rolodex for maintaining people’s internet presence. I believe that it is essential for us to preserve everything that is lively and “human” on the internet. Memes are currently an outlet for self-expression that is judgment free and anonymous—we can only compromise this by over analyzing them and taking them too seriously.

Thnks fr th Meme-ories

Memes are really interesting because although by the original definition (“A unit of cultural information that is replicated while still remaining whole”) memes are everywhere, the contemporary phenomenon of meme culture is pretty unique. The earliest example of an internet meme I can think of is chain emails (most likely featuring the Ally Mcbeal baby) and the hamster dance as described in the “From Memes to Mashups” article. Then came Youtube Poop mashups (which I always thought were pretty terrible, but were the height of hilarity for my thirteen-year-old twin brother) and I Can Haz Cheezburger cats with weirdly spelled messages in Impact text. Now, memes are everywhere, and have even reached mainstream advertising. The modern meme is a template for a joke that is adapted over and over again in a sort of competition for who can make the funniest application of the joke, usually interacting with pop culture and current events. The problem with this, then, is that memes become over saturated really quickly, and meme shelf life is pretty short, demonstrating the Culture of Disposability we discussed in class.

I hate memes. I really do. If I see another tumblr zodiac post or left shark gif…I don’t know if I’ll make it. But that will never stop me from falling into the same trap as anyone else and adapting the meme for my own use, referencing it, and making my friends laugh/cringe/threaten to murder me. Memes are an easy joke because they have an inherent sort of cultural capital that makes them instantly recognizable and relatable. For this reason, memes could be seen as just lazy comedy. It’s like having an inside joke with the multitudes of people on the internet. There’s another side to this though, that I think is really in line with the ideals of new media, especially as far as audiences actively interacting with their media. People are not just passive viewers; there is a space for critique, appreciation, and creativity in response to what they watch, read, and listen to. Which is awesome! This is especially evident with mashups, which require one to think really unconventionally and blend multiple different media together to make something new. It demands an interaction with and synthesis of totally separate areas of culture.

A really productive way to think about modern memes comes from the original meaning of the word, and the various types of memes that exist outside of the internet (as detailed in the TED talk we watched in class). Memes are ideas that persist, and not always for Darwinian type reasons. Sometimes they may not actually provide any advantage, and they might just be for aesthetic purposes. But the fact is, they are passed on, meaning they hold a place in the narrative of human history. They offer a way of connecting and communicating. Sometimes they’re really dumb, sometimes they’re self aware and next level meta, and sometimes they’re downright pernicious, but all in all they help make up our cultural language. And that’s important. And so are cats.

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Memes and Their Significance

Before this past week of class, if you asked me what a meme was I would’ve answered with “a picture with words on it.” Never even coming anywhere near considering them as anything more than that, in my mind memes were merely a silly and easy way to entertain and satirize. After this week of class, I understand that technically “meme” encompasses far more than a funny picture with words laid over it, however, that will always be the most prominent definition of meme in my mind. In From Memes to Mashups: Creating Content From Content, a meme is defined as “A unit of cultural information that replicates while still remaining whole.” This definition obviously indicates that a meme is much more than a picture with words, however, it is difficult to understand what exactly it means at first glance. After we watched the brief video from Susan Blackmore’s TED talk, the definition became clearer, as her use of the man’s glasses and woman’s earrings proved to be good examples. However, while this definition adds clarity to the term, it also adds confusion in the form of the amount that the term encompasses. Perhaps my understanding remains a bit cloudy, but, seemingly anything related to culture can be called a meme. I didn’t invent the t-shirt I’m wearing, therefore it’s a meme. The Red Sox hat I wore yesterday? Meme. The snapchat I just sent to my friend? Meme. Like most people my age, the word meme makes me think of one thing first and foremost: the internet. Meme’s on the internet spread like wildfire, whether on Facebook, twitter, etc. In the internet’s realm of sped up time and ever-decreasing shelf-life, memes in the form of a picture with words have become a fast and easy way for anyone, anywhere to make fun of something, make a point, or even just get a laugh from your friends or follows. These wildly popular internet memes indeed serve their purpose by being a unit of cultural information that replicates while still remaining whole, however, it is unnecessary to over-analyze them and their purpose.

These internet memes represent information, but more importantly their purpose is entertainment. The beauty of these memes is that they are incredibly simple and anyone can make them, however, it is for these reasons that they also should not be taken too seriously. While not to be taken too seriously, meme’s serve as a good representation of today’s culture. In the eyes-glued-to-the-smartphone era of today, meme’s are perhaps the most efficient way of sharing a joke or criticism with your fellow human beings because nobody seems to have time for anything more. Why read a paragraph on a website or social media page when an image with a handful of words on it effectively accomplish the same thing in far less time and with a higher entertainment factor? That being said, whether you like it or not meme’s are effective for what they are, however, it will be interesting to see what, if anything, they are replaced by when they fall victim to the short-shelf life of the internet culture in which they have become such a visible and important player.

A Reflection on Memes

Perhaps the only meme that has ever made me truly LOL.

I have never thought so hard or so carefully about memes before this last week of class. I have never thought of memes as anything but poorly photoshopped images with jokes I did not understand laid over them. When I thought of memes I thought of the inescapable troll face plastered all over Facebook in comments and comment replies. The whole thing left me wholly uninterested and indifferent. I had no desire to “know my meme.” I had no desire to make a meme. To be honest, many of my previously held beliefs remain unchanged.

I still have no interest in memes or the meme culture. Perhaps I think it is just irrelevant to my generation and to me personally, but the last week’s readings have definitely challenged these beliefs. According to Rintel, the author of the “Crisis Memes” reading, “one of the overarching purposes of online memes is social commentary…within which they find three subcategories: people concerned with displays of good citizenship; tongue-in-cheek, socially-oriented, political critique; and social activism or advocacy.” To be honest, when I read this I thought the author was being hyperbolic to a fault, exaggerating to make a point I did not agree with.

I thought to myself, “There’s no way this meme is making any kind of social commentary.”

The reason I struggle with believing Rintel is that I feel like the kids who make memes are just that: kids. How can I take a photo of Keanu Reeves or a badly drawn stick figure dude flipping over a table seriously? How can I take these memes seriusly when, in my experience, they’re posted majority of the time for the trivial purposes of trolling, being annoying, or getting a laugh?

Rintel does acknowledge my doubts. He states that some people hold the belief that “crisis memes are frivolous and ghoulish attention seeking rather than reasoned discourse, and that they are inherently culturally divisive.” He basically vocalized, more eloquently than I ever could, my negative opinion of memes. However, he goes on to tell me that this viewpoint is “tired, misplaced, and/or miss[es] the point of what we can learn from crisis memes.”

When I read that all I could think to myself was, “No, Mr. Rintel. My viewpoint is not tired! Memes are tired! Memes are misplaced! Memes are overused! Not my negative viewpoint of them. What could you possibly want me to learn from an overused photo of a grumpy cat?!?”

In response, Rintel states, “crisis memes are…an important manifestation of civil society because they show people to be interested in taking an evaluative public position.” I yet find myself struggling to agree with Rintel. I would prefer that today’s youth take a stance on important matters more thoroughly with words, essays, blog posts, or videos. I feel like making a meme is a lazy approach to having or forming an opinion. I feel like statements should be followed by evidence and reasoning—that they shouldn’t be shortened into phrases superimposed over images. I feel like memes aren’t enough.

Rintel closes his essay with the idea that memes are good because they promote freedom of expression. I feel like he kind of copped out at the end of his essay because yes…that’s an idea I don’t think anyone can argue with. People, or more appropriately kids, should be able to post whatever they want. I just prefer that these posts take on the form of well thought out words rather than images, which can easily be mistaken for meaningless trolling as I once thought they did.

Memes: Sharing information via the Internet

I grew up on the icanhascheezburger sites, and for the longest time, I thought I knew exactly what memes were. All the pictures of cats and other animals (stuff that I would learn were later termed “advice animals”) with text, that’s what I defined as a meme. Later in life I joined the ranks of tumblr and Reddit, and my interpretation widened. On both sites I saw comment trends and jokes based on things people had said. Those also eventually fell into my interpretation of a meme. Up until now that had been my understanding of a meme. I had never really given it a second thought. But then this past week in class occurred.

“A unit of cultural information that replicates while still remaining whole.” This is the definition of a meme as it is presented in From Memes to Mashups: Creating Content from Content. I wasn’t entirely sure what to think of this definition at first. Then the TED talk with Susan Blackmore helped me understand exactly what that meant. Memes aren’t just the images and comment trends we see on the internet. Memes have been around for a long time before that.

How I understand it now is that anything we do over and over as a culture can be considered a meme. That puts an even wider umbrella over what can be seen as memes. For example, through this definition memes can be high fives, texting abbreviations, or even slang that’s become common place (ratchet, swag, etc.). Any cultural trend is a meme. It makes even more sense in the context of recent memes. The left shark meme is a good example. To some people now, and a bit down the line, it may seem like one of those “classic” internet memes that have popped up like grumpy cat, but as we know now, it has come out of a big aspect of our culture, the most recent Super Bowl halftime show. Left Shark is a cultural trend that is being posted over and over, which in turn makes it a meme.

So I wondered why the definition of memes narrowed so much for me and many other people. That reason is the Internet. The Internet is a system where people are able to easily create and share content on the fly. One of the easiest pieces of content to create and share is an image, so it makes sense that these types of memes would flourish. Social networking in particular has played a massive part in this. Think about how many times you’ve seen “typical” memes shared on Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, etc. With all these new avenues to share content, people are making more and more. So much to the point that the term meme quickly became primarily associated with those sorts of images.

This actually connects back to a notion I developed on the first day of class. After our buzzword exercise, I came up with the idea that the Internet may have started out as way to share information around the world, but has developed into an entertainment center. This new understanding of memes actually changes that idea for me. The change isn’t massive, but does modify a key aspect of the idea. The Internet has still become an entertainment center yes, but that doesn’t mean it lost what it originally was. By defining memes as bits of cultural information, even those “typical” memes, whose sharing supports the entertainment center development, are information being shared. The Internet may have become an entertainment center, but it’s still wholeheartedly a center for sharing information. That information’s type has just greatly increased in regards to cultural information.

Memes to Mashups and Back Again

One of the most interesting things that happened to me in the opening weeks of this course, is learning what a meme actually is, rather than the poorly made image macro that I usually associate with the term. When I heard ‘meme’ before I came to the course I thought of grumpy cat, “Sure Jan”, and various other internet fads.

However after reading Kelli S. Burn’s “From Memes to Mashups; Creating Content from Content”, I gained a greater understanding of what a meme actually is, being defined as “…a unit of cultural information that replicates while still remaining whole” in Burn’s article, while more simply it can be explained as something that can be copied over and over with the meaning remaining the same. At least in my interpretation. This idea really resonated with me as I searched for examples to make sense of what a meme really was, as I struggled to grasp the concept in class. This is where Burn’s article was a real treat for me, by also tackling the ideas of mashups she easily explains what both items are individually while still relating them to each other.

The idea of a meme really clicked for me when we were in class and watching Susan Blackmore’s TED talk on memes. That’s when I truly understood that a meme was not simply an image shared on facebook but was actually the replication of an idea throughout society. The example that made it click for me totally was a comparison my friend made of memes and there relationship to fashion. We used flannel as a specific example; flannel could have originally started as let’s say a lumberjack’s preferred work shirt, as it keeps him warm and is heavy duty. Over time the flannel shirt is replicated for the same purpose over and over, until someone took it and decided to wear it in L.A. with a pair of short shorts. Thus bringing flannel to a different scene completely, yet keeping the same idea as a warm, heavy duty shirt.

However, let’s say that the flannel shirt is changed. The original form is taken and edited by some girl on Etsy. She cut’s out the back and puts in a gigantic lace cut out. By taking the original content and adding her own interpretation to the idea she has successfully created her very first mashup! While Burn’s article mostly focuses on the music aspect of mashups, she does touch on trailer mashups as well. The idea of a mashup is incredibly freeing to me, the ability to take any type of digital media and putting it together to create something altogether different is astounding to me. The practice of mashups almost parodies the idea of original content as it takes that content as a starting point for creation rather than starting with a completely blank canvas. Discussing the idea of mashups in class really made me question how mashups could fit into the world of film, music, and art. As it could lead to incredible new avenues in creative expression as well as storytelling. Which is what Burn’s makes it out to be with her descriptions of “Thru-you”, “The Grey Album”, “Brokeback to the Future”, and other famous mashups but due to the laws surrounding the original pieces of media the mashup is often hunted down. The legal aspect of the mashup was the most troubling aspect of the article for me, as most of the people mentioned in the article as DJs and video editors were not in the job of making mashups for money, but just for fun. But, by getting the legal side of things involved I personally think that they made the mashup famous and immortal. As by bringing so much media attention to it, and the backlash it was facing, it has now become something that can be explored as a more contraband form of expression, or a dangerous art form. By getting involved legally with something perfectly harmless media conglomerates have created their own worst enemy.

As an aside to this post here are two of my very favorite mashups:

Madeon’s “Pop Culture” is a mashup of 39 different songs (check the description for a full list):

[youtube]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lTx3G6h2xyA[/youtube]

Kees Van Dijkhuizen Jr. is a 21 year old film student who created a project known as ‘Cinema’ to mashup clips from all (almost) the movies released in a year to show how far cinema has progressed and changed. He did this up until 2012, he also is famous for his ‘[The films of]’ series which highlights the filmographies of famous directors into concise videos to show off there various styles and techniques. The video I’m using here is from 2012, the year I hosted a film festival for my high school senior project and used this as the opener.

[youtube]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M1r1tS464jE&list=PL570A2BCEC0545299&index=2[/youtube]

 

Memes and Mashups–more than just a grumpy cat

When did Memes and mashups become more than just this:

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Along with probably most of my peers, I never thought of Memes to be more than a picture mocking something or someone. It is interesting how closed my mind has been. I do not think any pop culture event can happen without a meme being produced minutes after the event. Which is probably why Memes are so popular in today’s generation. They go along with our rapidly growing, fast speed, social media consumed culture. For example: Katy Perry at the Super Bowl half time show. Minutes after her performs I went onto Facebook and saw this:

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“From Memes to Mashups: Creating Content from Content” A meme is “unit of cultural information that replicates while still remaining whole” (78). I think it was better explained in the Ted talk as, a replications of objects or ideas that are presented in our society. However, after watching the Ted talk about Memes my ideas shifted. Comparing chairs as a meme and the meme mocking Katy Perry blew my mind. 

The use of the word “Mashup” made me associate the term with videos like this: 

DJ Earworm Mashup – United State of Pop 2014 (Do What You Wanna Do)

or this: 

Top Hits of 2014 in 2.5 Minutes – Us The Duo

I associate the word “Mashup” with music. However, after reading “From Memes to Mashups: Creating Content from Content” and watching the Michael Jackson, Mario mashup I realize that Mashup’s are everywhere.“From Memes to Mashups: Creating Content from Content” Mashups have not just come about in our generation like memes. “From Memes to Mashups: Creating Content from Content” mashups are explained as “remixing predates the Internet and even the emergence of Western popular music; some say it may even date back as long ago as the beginning of human existence” (76). “From Memes to Mashups: Creating Content from Content” backs up that very heavy statement that mashups can date to the beginning of human existence, with stating that musical mashups in the United States can be traced back to the 1910s, when record companies remixed operas to fit onto 78- r.p.m discs (76). I would have to say that between memes and mashups, mashups intrigue me more. The complex meaning behind the question of “what is a meme” is too complication to classify as a simple picture with bold white lettering. However, in mashups there seems to be more meaning and thought to the message. In the Michael Jackson and Mario video, there were a variety of different messages. That video hit topics of gender, race and feminism. Memes to me do not normally hit many messages other than a grumpy cat or a sarcastic saying.

In class we discussed the rapid speed of the internet and if memes will die out. I feel that memes will continue to move along with the growth of internet for a certain extend. I do not think memes will die out anytime soon because of how rapid memes hit the internet as a constant new trend. People will find different forms and types of memes to make as social media grows. I  think mashups will always be present in our generation and generations to come.

Understanding Memes and Mashups

Until today’s class I never put much thought into what a meme was. In “From Memes to Mashups: Creating Content from Content” a Meme is defined as “a unit of cultural information that replicates while still remaining whole” (78). While reading this, I was completely lost, I did not understand that a meme was not just something that was on the internet, a picture with some witty phrase underneath it in bold white letters. Though, in class, after we watched the Ted Talk, it all kind of clicked for me that memes were nothing more than the replication of an idea in society. I finally realized that most of the language that we use, most abbreviation in texts are memes. “LOL” is a meme. This was crazy to me.

This is when the idea of a mashup really clicked for me as well. A mashup, in my words, is a combination of any memes to create a final product. In “From Memes to Mashups…”, mashups are said to “not have to be high in quality to have important cultural meanings” (80). This especially pertains to video mashups. I found it helpful then to think back to the video that we watched in class with Peach and Daisy from the old Nintendo games trying to save the day themselves. This mashup comprised of references to Michael Jackson’s alleged child molester status, to different action movies using music and weapons, to the famous show Pokemon, all while commenting on the rights of women and their oppression. This mashup has Peach get angry with Mario trying to save her, claiming that she is perfectly capable of saving herself. This is extremely relevant to the current fight for gender equality throughout the world, despite some of its outdated content.

The use of the “Mashup” is to get across these points, and to change the meaning of the original format of the game or movie or any other media to convey a new and important cultural meaning. The article “From Memes to Mashups…” discusses a range of other silly to serious video mashups and also how some “studios are encouraging the engagement of fan with their movies… providing clips and tools on [their] web site[s]” (81). This gives many people a new platform for expression. It allows people to express themselves using recognizable media that allows for connections to be made between them and others. It becomes like a new form of art in a way that opens up new doors for self expression and the reflection of society itself.

The video that we viewed in class clearly was dated and was a reflection of society at a specific point in time. If I were to make a mashup at this moment to express gender equality, I would probably use completely different content in my video that would be dated in only a couple of months. I think that it is very important to note that the memes and mashups that are created using internet media are consistently being filtered in and out of circulation and it makes it hard (even for me) to remain up to date with all the new sensations in the internet world (call me an old soul). I feel that as the internet keeps growing that this type of media will also continue to grow with it, and we will see new forms of memes and mashups with every new step the internet takes.mind blown