Tag Archives: KeySmash

Walking Outside the Walls

(of Google and other New Media Paradigms in Race, Gender and New Media)

The irony of this class for me is that I signed up with the narrow-minded goal of developing career-oriented technological skills. I expected these to include audio and video-editing, and the production and presentation of online content. Broader, more humanistic goals like developing digital literacy also occurred to me, but were simply items on a list, the kind of which you might find (and which I actually did plan to include) on a resume. The irony, of course, is that my original mode of thinking is what digital literacy seeks to problematize and expose to critical debate. Therefore, this class became, not a covetous, last-chance-before-I-graduate dip into a vocational skills bag, but rather a reflection on my relationship to technology, education, race, and gender.

Speaking of which, my most important takeaway has been a realization of my own privileged relationship to technology, and an awareness of how people with less privilege relate to technology in their lives. Essentially, by virtue of my race, class, and gender privilege, as well as my privileged access to education, I experience most of technology’s good side while being spared most of the bad. For instance, while I still have cause to be concerned about companies like Google tracking my data, for the present I am more likely to feel the effects of that practice in the form of more personalized and convenient web-searches, than in the form of data-packet discrimination based on perceived purchasing power. In general, I now have a much more concrete sense of how exploitation occurs in technology-mediated spaces–the gist being that traditional inequalities and prejudices are perpetuated.

This last point has had a major affect on how I’ve come to view New Media and the rhetoric surrounding it. Public conversation is saturated with uncritical and fawning messages about how “revolutionary” technology has become. Of course, they mean “revolutionary” in the PR sense of the word, in which the implied change is really only a new facade for old relationships of power–like new forms of consumerism, for instance. Basically, new media technologies (and the cultures growing around them) have so far been a disruptive force, but they have not been revolutionary. They do hint at the potential for big changes, and positive ones too, but those won’t just come about by themselves. The technologies of the internet, like automobiles and airplanes before them, are neither inherently good or bad, so they don’t only create either good or bad changes; they just make change. Right now we have an opportunity to direct the transformative power of New Media with a little more foresight and productivity than, say, we did with automobiles, and we should take advantage of it.

The Lack of a Webtopia

When the internet was just beginning to experience wide use, it was heralded as a new ground for total inequality.  Surely without the actual body of the person speaking in front of listeners, ideas would be judged for their own value and not for any characteristics of their originators.  Words do not have race or gender or sexuality or religion, so it was briefly believed to be possible that an online community could function without regard to these things.  The obvious problem with this ideal is that people do not simply shuck off their cherished identities—or their prejudices—just because they have entered a new space.  The space may be neutral for a moment, but as soon as it is filled with people, those people will inevitably color it with their own selves.

Prejudices did not disappear.  People continued to be the same people they had always been, whether they expressed themselves with their voices or with their fingers on a keyboard.  No one made an effort to less obviously belong to any group in order that their words might be accepted at face value.  People continued to hate and discriminate against others for the groups to which they belonged.

As a response to the maintenance of offline power structures, many people approach the internet like the Pilgrims approached Massachusetts—they’re not really interested in equality or freedom of expression, they just want to be the group in power instead of the oppressed.  Likewise, they are frequently eager to try their hands at becoming the oppressors for a change, which they feel balances the universe of intolerance.  They replace slurs against minorities with slurs against majorities, and when anyone confronts them about their own hatred, they either take a firm “eye for an eye” stance or claim that without power in society, they cannot possibly cause real pain to other groups and therefore have the right to fire whatever shots they please.  The bullying incites even more scorn and hatred from the majority groups, who are then less inclined to respect the minority groups both online and off.  The imaginary webtopia is quickly poisoned, until absolutely no one is safe from attack.

My Digital Reflection

Starting out in this course I really did not know what to expect. Starting out with the first few readings I had a hard time getting through them just because I did not fully understand the concepts they were explaining. However when we were told about the blog and the key terms that a person would individually research and post on the blog the readings got easier and more understandable. Also when we would discuss them in class it was like the pieces came together. The first few readings and concepts I found a little dry too and hard to focus on to absorb all the information, but as we got deeper into the course the more interesting things became. It was interesting to study memes and to realize and learn that memes are not just silly pictures and words combined but there’s an algorithm behind making them, and that the word meme is not just those but anything that is a running idea or imitation which could be a uniform religion or even something as simple as chairs. I would of never thought deeply enough into the subject to learn how different the word is to what I thought it was, and I didn’t know that it could be put under that big question of “what isn’t a meme?” just like the question “what isn’t science?”

Then there was Google. I learned a lot about Google because I was on the Google team. We heard so many negatives about the mega corporation, especially from Vaidhyanathan. Even so I am still a Google supporter. I love Google. The very serious issues Google could cause are future issues, but in the present it’s a great creation. Just as my group says, we just need to be wary for the possibility of Google in the future, since it is so relied on and has so much of our information. At the moment though Google is great! It’s like one of my best digital friends. Learning about Youtube, one of Google’s many bought-out services, was not as interesting as the other topics afterwards. What we learned about Youtube and it’s “Youtubers” did not interest me as much.

When we got to video games I loved learning about them, probably because I hold such a great interest and love for video games. I thought it interesting to hear about gender and racial problems that happen in video games. When I play it is usually just my friends teasing me and they usually call me a little boy because apparently that’s what I sound like over the microphone, but I just find it funny. Of course I usually never talk in public because I’m shyer around new players; maybe it’s because I think I’ll be made fun of for being a girl. I also loved watching the web series, I watched all of Awkward Black Girl just because I enjoyed watching it so much. I was upset when it was over. It was witty and called attention to racial stereotypes without being very serious or offending about it. I’m happy and excited for the Issa Rae television show coming out. She deserves to be on the big(ger) screen.

 

This course was very interesting and made me think about things I haven’t put much thought into. Class was long but it went by so quickly because of the content of the course just intriguing along with the discussions in the course. It was a great course and I am sad it’s over!

John Sanders — My Final Thoughts

I had no idea what I was in for when I came to this class. No, that isn’t true — I THOUGHT it was going to be focused on new media (web-series, hypertext, and my beloved video games) in comparison to other traditional media, to theoretically locate the new technology in relation to the old. I would have loved a class like that, especially since I’m into philosophy, genre, and media in general.

k12_1

[Fight! Fight! Fight!]

What I got wasn’t what I expected, of course — a team-based, socially aware course focusing on the issues surrounding race, gender and New Media. It wasn’t what I expected, but it was a wonderful experience all the same. In fact, I’d say it was all the better because it WASN’T what I expected. All we’ve touched on — the definition of new media, television and postmodern media theory, and the scary role that Google has in our lives — have challenged my original views and sense of security in my knowledge and beliefs. It has expanded my knowledge base and range of perspectives, something essential for my academic career going forward (and, in many cases, just good for me as a human being.)

(Like this, except perhaps less dramatic)

Our project on Google and the Academy has been particularly eye-opening. The thing that got me most was the idea of search tracking and filter bubbles. It’s not that I’m worried about the government getting my information or detest ads, really — the biggest thing is that Google thinks it knows what I want to hear, and shows me that. I know what I want to hear, but I don’t know what I DON’T want to hear — the search items that will challenge me and force me to expand my viewpoint. I think, because of this, I am going to try to switch to DuckDuckGo for a while as my primary search engine.

(The duck’s name is Dax, by the way. It’s great to have a Mascot!)

Since it doesn’t track, I’ll get very different results. Now, that may end up to be no different than Google, better than Google, or perhaps even worse. Whatever comes of it, however, I want to give it a try. The last thing I want is to remain too comfortable in my beliefs, to get fat and lazy upon my indulgent pieces of knowledge. I want to remain curious, discover all there is to see in this realm of new media, and always remain on the edge of my comfort zone. I know I have to be vigilant about this, too, because it’s all too easy to lean on the familiarity of a search bar.

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(Ironically, that’s exactly how I found this stock photo.)

 

Individual Digital Reflection

The main thing I am taking away from this class is a deeper understanding of new media, and the ability to analyze media in a way I never have before.  Prior to this class, I took new media at face value.  I considered the internet, laptops, tablets and smart phones to be new media, and never really took into consideration even the content that these devices make available.  Even when I would look at content on the internet, I would take it at face value, and never delve into the deeper meanings that content can have.  Now I know that many aspects of new media showcase problems that are prevalent throughout our society.  Certain types of new media have given people an outlet to express feelings and thoughts that would often remain unspoken if they were saying them face to face to a group of people.  Although sometimes this can be good, and help people work through emotions, like crisis memes allowing people to work through their feelings about tragedies, often they can be dark and show a deeper problem within our society.  The racist and sexist comments of some gamers is a prime example of this.  Because these people see themselves as anonymous, they say disgusting things that they would most likely never say to a person face to face.  New media has given us a way to express good feelings and reach out and help others, but it also showcases the deeper problems in our society as a whole.  People who claim that racism and sexism no longer exist should simply browse the comments on a Youtube video to see exactly how prevalent these issues still are.

My group project on Google and the academy has also taught me a lot throughout this course.  I have never really thought to question Google before, it was always there, always a useful tool.  I never had reason to believe that we should see it as anything but a useful tool before now.  While I do not think that Google is going to become an evil dictator and take over the world, I think it is important to understand the issues surrounding Google, and the possibility for corruption, even if it has yet to occur.  I also think that the fact that so few people are informed about Google and their issues like data mining and their control on knowledge is a little scary, and we should work to keep informed and keep others informed about Google and other companies like it, to keep them from possibly abusing their power in the future.

Overall, this class has opened my eyes to a new media culture that I am a part of, but had never really considered before.  I took for granted a lot of the new media that I use, and never bothered to look at any deeper issues within new media.  I think now, with the knowledge I have gained, I will be able to be informed about new media and how it effects me and those around me.

Damsel in Distress

“Damsel in Distress” comes from the French saying “Demoiselle en detresse” where demoiselle means “young lady” and “en detresse” means anxiety and despair which is caused by abandonment and danger. The “Damsel in Distress” trope has been around for hundreds of years, traced back to the story Perseus rescuing his princess Andromeda. Since then it has been perpetuated through books, movies, and most recently video games. Beginning with the creator of Nintendo, Shigeru Miyamoto who also created the game Donkey Kong which eventually lead to the creation of the Mario franchise. In these games Princess Peach is the stereotypical “Damsel in Distress” who gets kidnapped in 13 of the 14 main games. To be a “Damsel in Distress” a character does not necessarily have to be weak of powerless but but must be reduced to helplessness and needs to be rescued by the main protagonist for the benefit of his story arch. This is objectifying because the woman is being acted upon used as a prop in the hero and villian’s battle. There is also the disempowerment of the female which leads to the empowerment of the male main character. When the damsel gets kidnapped she is unable to rescue herself; whereas if the hero gets kidnapped he escapes to showcase his own abilities. Also the damsel’s imprisonment is seen as a trial for the hero to overcome. She might not be a “Damsel in Distress” from start to finish. She may be a helpful damsel who sometimes offers hints or assistance.

 

Source: Feminist Frequency Damsel in Distress Part 1

Gamer

The term gamer is used to self identify or label a particular person as a participant in gaming and gamer culture. The term is ambiguous in that no one set of attributes subscribes to the identity/label. Gamers may play “hardcore” games or social ones, may dabble in many games or immerse themselves in a few, may be very present on game forums and produce walkthroughs or keep to themselves — no one criterion fully encompasses what it means to be a gamer.

Shaw uses Bhabha’s theory of hybridity to highlight how multiple “gamer” identities can intersect to exist in the meta level of gamer culture (Shaw 35). For example, the term “gaymer” is an identification that encompasses “gamer” and LGBTQ identities into an individual aspect that is greater than the sum of its parts.

A somewhat controversial identity within the term “gamer” is the female or “gamer girl” identity, which often carries a negative connotation both within the misogynistic gaming community (Shaw 33) and from non-gamers (Royse 569). Anita Sarkesian’s work on gendered representations in gaming have made steps towards true gender equality among all gamers.

 

Works referenced:

Shaw, Adrienne. “Do You Identify as a Gamer? Gender, Race, Sexuality, and Gamer Identity.” New Media and Society 14.28 (2011): 28-40. Web. 5 Mar. 2014.

Royse, Pam, Joon Lee, Baasanjav Undrahbuyan, Mark Hobbson, and Mia Consalvo. “Women and Games: Technologies of the Gendered Self” New Media and Society 9.4 (2011): 555-574. Web. 5 Mar. 2014.

Grappling with Google: Is this the best deal we can get?

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Hey everyone, team KeySmash here. Thanks for your participation last class! You really helped us have an interesting and productive discussion.

 

As a follow-up, per Professor Russworm’s instructions, here’s a slightly refocused version of our second critical question. This was the original:

 

Do you think the “Human Knowledge Project” will be as successful as Vaidhyanathan claims? Will the public sphere be more responsible than Google, or will the two initiatives have two separate functions?

 

Our answers to this question tended to focus on the dubious viability of the Human Knowledge Project, and the likelihood that the status quo set by Google will be maintained. But as we try to imagine solutions to the problems of the information age, we want to move beyond this simple comparison, especially when Google and the Human Knowledge Project might be prone to a lot of the same failings. So…

 

What do we want/need from an alternative like the Human Knowledge Project that we don’t get from Google?

 

Let’s be as specific as we can!

 

See everyone next class,

 

-KeySmash

 

Update: Speaking of solutions, we found an article on Reddit about and opensource, crowd-sourced alternative to Google Maps. This is the sight: OpenStreetMap, and this is the article: The rise of OpenStreetMap: A quest to conquer Google’s mapping empire. For summary’s sake, here’s a quote pulled from the article, by the founder of the project, Steve Coast:

“Have others tried their hand at crowd-sourcing map data as well? Absolutely. Waze and Google – or, just Google now – provide similar mechanisms to improve their maps, based mostly on OSM’s innovations. With one big catch. It is very much their map. Not yours. (Just ask the developers who pay a lot of money to use it.) OpenStreetMap is different. All of the quality data contributed is openly available – just like Wikipedia. So, anyone can download, experiment and play with it freely. It’s not locked up beyond your reach.”

So, have you heard of the project or used the sight? Having learned about it, would you use it over Google Maps, and could it be a model for alternatives to other Google services?

Works Cited:

Sawyers, Paul. “The Rise of OpenStreetMap: A Quest to Conquer Google’s Mapping Empire.” TNW Network All Stories RSS. The Next Web, 28 Feb. 2014. Web. 03 Mar. 2014.

Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) is the concept that the defining character trait of humans, intelligence, could be simulated by a machine. We are all familiar with what it ‘looks like’ with all the sci-fi movies and tv shows. It can be a scary thing to think about an intelligent search engine online like Google. As far as intelligence goes the Google engine is the smartest phenomena to smack the internet and it’s users into submission. Recent advancements in the field of A.I. have allowed computer systems to converse and the most advanced systems even have facial recognition. Google is the cyber hegemon. Imagine what it could do with speech and interactive facial recognition? Frightening. Google compiles so much of our personal data under the guise of providing accurate and useful information. If Google could ‘speak’ would it answer questions like: Will humans be obsolete someday?; or -Am I beautiful? THINK ABOUT IT. A. I. is catching up. And as a biological species we physically cannot expand our intelligence as quickly as a computer can be upgraded. Luckily though, A.I. isn’t too too smart yet.

bender

A.I. chat

 

-Marty

 

 

Key Concept- Google’s privacy policy

Although Google claims to be protecting our information in its privacy policy, they still retain the right to share that information with law enforcement or government agencies as they see fit.  They can change their privacy policy any time by changing the terms of agreement, which are pages long, and very few people actually read them.  You could agree to sharing your private information without even realizing it just by clicking yes to new terms of agreement.  Also, if Google were ever to sell to a less reliable company, although users would be informed, there is no telling if you would be able to get your private information off of Google’s system before the new company could see it.  Personally identifiable information is supposed to only be stored for 18 months, and then the IP address is anonymized, but this is not stated in the privacy policy, only in a video produced by Google.  Even if the information is anonymized, the identity of the user can still be figured out based on their online habits and cookies.

Another problem with Google’s privacy policy is that to opt out of their data storing, which they use to target ads to you that are specific to your interests and browsing history, you have to go through a multi-step process, and service is not always as reliant if you do opt out.  If you want to be taken off of Google street view, you must send a request to Google after the image of your property is posted online.  If it is a license plate or face, they will only blur it out, but you could still be identified by the environment around you.  Overall, the idea of what is private on the internet is still debated, and therefore it is difficult to protect what you want to be private from Google’s database.

Templatability

Templatability refers to the feature of having a set structure that is easily manipulated to fit new situations. This allows for content creators to comment upon new situations while alluding to already popular memes on the internet, mainly through image macros or snowclones. In addition, having a set form to work off of makes the process of content creation much easier for users, increasing the fecundity of the templated meme. According to Sean Rintel, this makes the feature of templatability  “the heart of online memes.”

Multiple sites, including “Meme Generator” or “Rage Comic Builder“, make this process even easier by storing templates and making them intuitive and available to those with no access to editing software. They are so easy to produce, in fact, that Rintel notes that they are some of the first methods of expression used to respond to a crisis (for better or for worse.)

Works Cited:

Rintel, Sean.  ”Crisis Memes: The Importance of Templatability to Internet Culture and Freedom of Expression.” Australasian Journal of Popular Culture 2 (2). <http://www.intellectbooks.co.uk/journals/view-Journal,id=202/>

Image Macro

An image macro is an expressive template involving the pairing of image with a caption/catchphrase.  The meaning expressed correlates with the emotion or idea that the picture displays, often resulting in very iconic images becoming memes (i.e. “Scumbag Steve” or “Overly Attached Girlfriend”). The text that is superimposed over the image is usually in large capitalized bold letters, and the phrasing usually follows an easily identifiable and modifiable structure (also known as a snowclone) (Rintel, Crisis Memes).

Some well-known groups of image macros would be LOLcats, Advice Animals, Rage Faces, and Demotivational Posters.

Works Cited:

“Image Macro.” Know Your Meme. Cheeseburger Network, n.d. Web. <http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/image-macros>.

Rintel, Sean.  ”Crisis Memes: The Importance of Templatability to Internet Culture and Freedom of Expression.” Australasian Journal of Popular Culture 2 (2). <http://www.intellectbooks.co.uk/journals/view-Journal,id=202/>